{"id":3779,"date":"2020-04-10T13:41:09","date_gmt":"2020-04-10T20:41:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/extension.wsu.edu\/wam\/?page_id=3779"},"modified":"2020-04-10T13:41:09","modified_gmt":"2020-04-10T20:41:09","slug":"2019-updates-on-machine-harvesting-fresh-market-blueberry-trials","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/extension.wsu.edu\/wam\/2020\/04\/10\/2019-updates-on-machine-harvesting-fresh-market-blueberry-trials\/","title":{"rendered":"2019 Updates on Machine Harvesting Fresh Market Blueberry Trials"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[row][column][textblock]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>Volume 9 Issue 4<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Author: Y. Cai1, F. Takeda2, B. Foote3, C. Zhang4, S. Sankaran4, and L.W. DeVetter1<br \/>\n<sup>1<\/sup>Washington State University, Northwestern Washington Research &amp; Extension Center, Mount Vernon, WA<br \/>\n<sup>2<\/sup>USDA-ARS, Kearneysville, WV<br \/>\n<sup>3<\/sup>Oxbo, Lynden, WA<br \/>\n<sup>4<\/sup>Washington State University, Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Pullman, WA<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_3797\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3797\" style=\"width: 228px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2020\/04\/Figure-1.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-3797 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2020\/04\/Figure-1-228x300.png\" alt=\"Blueberry harvester\" width=\"228\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2020\/04\/Figure-1-228x300.png 228w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2020\/04\/Figure-1.png 515w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 228px) 100vw, 228px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3797\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 1. Oxbo 7440 prototype with soft-catch surfaces installed within the scales and suspended above the catch plates and conveyor belts.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h4><strong>Introduction:<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>In the Pacific Northwest, most fresh market blueberries are harvested by hand, but high labor costs and low labor availability are challenges to growers.<\/li>\n<li>Mechanized over-the-row (OTR) harvesters reduce labor hours and costs, but current OTR harvesters can reduce fresh market quality through bruising.<\/li>\n<li>Modified OTR harvesters with soft-catch surfaces (SCS) have the potential to harvest blueberry with fruit quality comparable to hand harvest.<\/li>\n<li>Further research and validation are needed to advance machine harvesting technologies using modified OTR harvesters with SCS for fresh market blueberry with high fruit quality.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><strong>Objective:<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Evaluate the impacts of a modified OTR harvester prototype with SCS installed on blueberry harvest efficiency, fresh market quality, and storage.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><strong>Research approach:<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>On-farm experiments were established in \u2018Duke\u2019 and \u2018Draper\u2019 fields in Lynden, WA in 2019 with three treatments including hand harvest (hand control; referred to as \u201chand harvest\u201d), conventional OTR machine harvest (machine control; referred to as \u201cHCS\u201d for hard-catch surfaces), and modified OTR machine harvest with SCS installed in an Oxbo 7440, which was the harvester prototype (referred to as \u201cSCS\u201d). See <strong>Figure<\/strong> <strong>1<\/strong> for an image of the harvester with SCS mounted inside. The HCS machine controls were Korvan 7420 and Oxbo 7420 for \u2018Duke\u2019 and \u2018Draper\u2019, respectively (<strong>Figs. 2 and 3<\/strong>).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure id=\"attachment_3799\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3799\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2020\/04\/Figure-2_.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-3799 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2020\/04\/Figure-2_-300x197.png\" alt=\"Blueberry harvester\" width=\"300\" height=\"197\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2020\/04\/Figure-2_-300x197.png 300w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2020\/04\/Figure-2_.png 676w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3799\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 2. Korvan 7420 used for \u2018Duke\u2019 machine harvest control<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_3800\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3800\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2020\/04\/Figure-3-2.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-3800 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2020\/04\/Figure-3-2-300x282.png\" alt=\"Blueberry harvester\" width=\"300\" height=\"282\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2020\/04\/Figure-3-2-300x282.png 300w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2020\/04\/Figure-3-2.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3800\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 3. Oxbo 7420 used for \u2018Draper\u2019 machine harvest control<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<ul>\n<li>Additional soft cushion sheets were inserted at one transfer point between the bucket elevator and horizontal grading belt for further impact reduction for the experiment with \u2018Draper\u2019 (<strong>Figure 4<\/strong>).<\/li>\n<li>Treatments were replicated three times. \u2018Duke\u2019 was harvested at 95% blue and packed on the same day. \u2018Draper\u2019 was harvested at 85 to 90% blue and packed the next day.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure id=\"attachment_3801\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3801\" style=\"width: 534px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2020\/04\/Figure-4-2.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-3801 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2020\/04\/Figure-4-2.png\" alt=\"Blueberry harvest\" width=\"534\" height=\"673\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2020\/04\/Figure-4-2.png 534w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2020\/04\/Figure-4-2-238x300.png 238w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 534px) 100vw, 534px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3801\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 4. Additional soft-cushion sheets inserted between the bucket elevator and horizontal grading belt<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h4><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Data collection:<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Harvest efficiency data include in-row ground loss and packout. Packout was obtained from a commercial packing plant.<\/li>\n<li>Berries were stored at 39\u00b0 F and 95% humidity for 28 days. Fruit quality measurements were collected after 24 hours and then every 7 days, including firmness, incidence of bruising, and water loss.<\/li>\n<li>Incidence of bruising or tissue injury was quantified using a digital imaging system. Berries were cut in half prior to image capture in an illuminated box. Pixels of bruised area and total berry area were counted digitally by an algorithm (<strong> Figure 5<\/strong>).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure id=\"attachment_3802\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3802\" style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2020\/04\/Figure-5-2.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-3802 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2020\/04\/Figure-5-2-1024x493.png\" alt=\"Steps for digital bruised area detection and data processing.\" width=\"1024\" height=\"493\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2020\/04\/Figure-5-2-1024x493.png 1024w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2020\/04\/Figure-5-2-300x144.png 300w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2020\/04\/Figure-5-2-768x370.png 768w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2020\/04\/Figure-5-2.png 1246w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3802\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 5. Steps for digital bruised area detection and data processing. Each image was first calibrated and berries were separated from the background. The area of skin and calyx tissues were then excluded. Digitally detected bruised area was laid over the original image for quality checks<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h4><strong>Results:<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Ground loss.<\/strong> There was no difference in ground loss (<strong>Table 1<\/strong>) between HCS and SCS among the two cultivars. Hand harvest had the most ground loss due to fruit drop during hand harvest from overly matured berries.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/textblock][textblock]<sup>\u00a0<\/sup><\/p>\n<table class=\" alignleft\" style=\"height: 105px;width: 100%;border-collapse: collapse\">\n<caption><strong>Table 1.<\/strong>\u00a0In-row ground loss of \u2018Duke\u2019 and \u2018Draper\u2019 blueberry harvested by hand as well as using over-the-row (OTR) harvesters with either HCS or SCS. HCS represents \u201chard-catch surfaces\u201d found in standard OTR harvesters, while SCS represents \u201csoft-catch surfaces\u201d installed in an OTR prototype engineered for fresh market harvesting. Data are from 2019.<\/caption>\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 21px\">\n<th style=\"width: 33.3333%;height: 21px;text-align: center\" scope=\"col\">Treatment<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 33.3333%;height: 21px;text-align: center\" scope=\"col\">&#8216;Duke&#8217; (%)<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 33.3333%;height: 21px;text-align: center\" scope=\"col\">&#8216;Draper&#8217; (oz)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 21px\">\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%;height: 21px;text-align: center\">HCS<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%;height: 21px;text-align: center\">0.5 a<sup>z<\/sup><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%;height: 21px;text-align: center\">6.0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 21px\">\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%;height: 21px;text-align: center\">SCS<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%;height: 21px;text-align: center\">0.4 a<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%;height: 21px;text-align: center\">8.5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 21px\">\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%;height: 21px;text-align: center\">Hand (control)<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%;height: 21px;text-align: center\">1.4 b<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%;height: 21px;text-align: center\">\/<sup>y<\/sup><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 21px\">\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%;height: 21px;text-align: center\"><em>p<\/em>-value<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%;height: 21px;text-align: center\">0.0004<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%;height: 21px;text-align: center\">0.64<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><sup>Z<\/sup> Means followed by same lower case letter within a column are not statistically different at \u03b1=0.05.<\/p>\n<p><sup>Y<\/sup> Means data are not available.[\/textblock][textblock]<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: left\">Commercial packout did not differ by treatment (<strong>Table 2<\/strong>). The average packout of \u2018Duke\u2019 and \u2018Draper\u2019 were 92.6% and 84.6%, respectively.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table class=\" alignleft\" style=\"height: 147px;width: 100%;border-collapse: collapse\">\n<caption><strong>Table 2.<\/strong> Packout of \u2018Duke\u2019 and \u2018Draper\u2019 blueberry harvested by hand as well as over-the-row (OTR) harvesters with either HCS or SCS. HCS represents \u201chard-catch surfaces\u201d found in standard OTR harvesters, while SCS represents \u201csoft-catch surfaces\u201d installed in an OTR prototype engineered for fresh market harvesting. \u201cInsertion\u201d means soft-cushion sheets were inserted between the bucket elevator and horizontal grading belt for impact reduction. Data are from 2019.<\/caption>\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 21px\">\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%;height: 21px\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%;text-align: center;height: 21px\" colspan=\"2\">Packout (%)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 21px\">\n<th style=\"width: 33.3333%;height: 21px;text-align: center\" scope=\"col\">Treatment<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 33.3333%;height: 21px;text-align: center\" scope=\"col\">&#8216;Duke&#8217;<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 33.3333%;height: 21px;text-align: center\" scope=\"col\">&#8216;Draper&#8217;<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 21px\">\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%;height: 21px;text-align: center\">HCS<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%;height: 21px;text-align: center\">91.8<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%;height: 21px;text-align: center\">83.7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 21px\">\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%;height: 21px;text-align: center\">SCS e\/o insertion<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%;height: 21px;text-align: center\">92.7<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%;height: 21px;text-align: center\">84.2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 21px\">\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%;height: 21px;text-align: center\">SCS w\/ insertion<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%;height: 21px;text-align: center\">\/<sup>z<\/sup><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%;height: 21px;text-align: center\">83.0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 21px\">\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%;height: 21px;text-align: center\">Hand (control)<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%;height: 21px;text-align: center\">93.2<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%;height: 21px;text-align: center\">87.5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 21px\">\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%;height: 21px;text-align: center\"><em>p<\/em>-value<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%;height: 21px;text-align: center\">0.14<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%;height: 21px;text-align: center\">0.26<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><sup>z<\/sup>Means data not available. The soft-cushion insertion was only tested using &#8216;Draper&#8217;.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Differences were not detected until day 14 (<strong>Table 3<\/strong>). Firmness of hand harvested \u2018Duke\u2019 during the first 14-day storage period was numerically highest and statistically highest from day 21 and onward. Firmness of \u2018Duke\u2019 harvested by SCS was numerically higher than berries harvested by HCS. There were no differences in firmness of \u2018Draper\u2019 among harvest types during the first 14-day storage period and on day 28. \u2018Draper\u2019 harvested by SCS with the insertion had the highest firmness on day 21.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table class=\" alignleft\" style=\"height: 316px;width: 100%;border-collapse: collapse\">\n<caption><strong>Table 3.<\/strong> Firmness of \u2018Duke\u2019 and \u2018Draper\u2019 blueberry harvested by hand as well as over-the-row (OTR) harvesters with either HCS or SCS. Firmness was measured weekly during a 28-day storage period. HCS represents \u201chard-catch surfaces\u201d found in standard OTR harvesters, while SCS represents \u201csoft-catch surfaces\u201d installed in an OTR prototype engineered for fresh market harvesting. \u201cInsertion\u201d means soft-cushion sheets were inserted between the bucket elevator and horizontal grading belt for impact reduction. Data are from 2019.<\/caption>\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 21px\">\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;height: 21px;text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 83.3335%;height: 21px;text-align: center\" colspan=\"5\">Firmness (g\/mm of deflection)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 21px\">\n<th style=\"width: 16.6667%;height: 21px;text-align: center\" scope=\"col\">Treatment<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 16.6667%;height: 21px;text-align: center\" scope=\"col\">Day 1<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 16.6667%;height: 21px;text-align: center\" scope=\"col\">Day 7<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 16.6667%;height: 21px;text-align: center\" scope=\"col\">Day 14<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 16.6667%;height: 21px;text-align: center\" scope=\"col\">Day 21<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 16.6667%;height: 21px;text-align: center\" scope=\"col\">Day 28<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 21px\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%;height: 21px;text-align: center\" colspan=\"6\">&#8216;Duke&#8217;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 21px\">\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;height: 21px;text-align: center\">HCS<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;height: 21px;text-align: center\">121.0<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;height: 21px;text-align: center\">117.6<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;height: 21px;text-align: center\">108.3<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;height: 21px;text-align: center\">100.5 b<sup>z<\/sup><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;height: 21px;text-align: center\">89.5 b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 21px\">\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;height: 21px;text-align: center\">SCS<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;height: 21px;text-align: center\">126.5<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;height: 21px;text-align: center\">113.3<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;height: 21px;text-align: center\">112.0<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;height: 21px;text-align: center\">104.4 ab<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;height: 21px;text-align: center\">92.85 ab<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 21px\">\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;height: 21px;text-align: center\">Hand (control)<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;height: 21px;text-align: center\">133.9<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;height: 21px;text-align: center\">123.8<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;height: 21px;text-align: center\">120.0<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;height: 21px;text-align: center\">119.0 a<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;height: 21px;text-align: center\">103.5 a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 21px\">\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;height: 21px;text-align: center\"><em>p<\/em>-value<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;height: 21px;text-align: center\">0.09<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;height: 21px;text-align: center\">0.06<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;height: 21px;text-align: center\">0.10<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;height: 21px;text-align: center\">0.03<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;height: 21px;text-align: center\">0.03<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 21px\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%;height: 21px;text-align: center\" colspan=\"6\">&#8216;Draper&#8217;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 21px\">\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;height: 22px;text-align: center\">HCS<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;height: 22px;text-align: center\">192.5<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;height: 22px;text-align: center\">192.3<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;height: 22px;text-align: center\">182.4<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;height: 22px;text-align: center\">151.4 b<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;height: 22px;text-align: center\">137.7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 21px\">\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;height: 21px;text-align: center\">SCS w\/o insertion<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;height: 21px;text-align: center\">189.5<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;height: 21px;text-align: center\">191.4<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;height: 21px;text-align: center\">181.5<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;height: 21px;text-align: center\">161.9 ab<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;height: 21px;text-align: center\">139.6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 42px\">\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 42px\">SCS w\/ insertion<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 42px\">183.8<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 42px\">192.7<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 42px\">192.4<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 42px\">175.7 a<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 42px\">144.5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 42px\">\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 42px\">Hand (control)<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 42px\">197.9<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 42px\">198.9<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 42px\">186.8<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 42px\">164.9 ab<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 42px\">136.8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 21px\">\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\"><em>p<\/em>-value<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\">0.17<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\">0.56<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\">0.36<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\">0.03<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\">0.62<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>No differences were detected until day 14 (<strong>Table 4<\/strong>). There was less bruising in hand harvested \u2018Duke\u2019 on day 14 as well as on day 21. Hand harvested \u2018Draper\u2019 had less bruising from day 14 and onward. \u2018Draper\u2019 harvested with SCS with the insertion had less bruised fruit on day 21 compared to the other machine harvest treatments.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table style=\"height: 357px;width: 100%;border-collapse: collapse\">\n<caption><strong>Table 4.<\/strong> Percent bruising area of \u2018Duke\u2019 and \u2018Draper\u2019 blueberry harvested by hand as well as over-the-row (OTR) harvesters with either HCS or SCS. Percent bruising area was measured weekly during a 28-day storage period. HCS represents \u201chard-catch surfaces\u201d found in standard OTR harvesters, while SCS represents \u201csoft-catch surfaces\u201d installed in an OTR prototype engineered for fresh market harvesting. \u201cInsertion\u201d means soft-cushion sheets were inserted between the bucket elevator and horizontal grading belt for impact reduction. Data are from 2019.<\/caption>\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 21px\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%;text-align: center;height: 21px\" colspan=\"6\">Percent bruising area (%)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 21px\">\n<th style=\"width: 16.6667%;height: 21px;text-align: center\" scope=\"col\">Treatment<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 16.6667%;height: 21px;text-align: center\" scope=\"col\">Day 1<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 16.6667%;height: 21px;text-align: center\" scope=\"col\">Day 7<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 16.6667%;height: 21px;text-align: center\" scope=\"col\">Day 14<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 16.6667%;height: 21px;text-align: center\" scope=\"col\">Day 21<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 16.6667%;height: 21px;text-align: center\" scope=\"col\">Day 28<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 21px\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%;text-align: center;height: 21px\" colspan=\"6\">&#8216;Duke&#8217;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 21px\">\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\">HCS<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\">64.0<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\">73.9<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\">77.9 a<sup>z<\/sup><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\">76.4 a<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\">79.8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 21px\">\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\">SCS<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\">61.2<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\">71.8<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\">71.2 ab<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\">73.9 a<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\">79.4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 42px\">\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 42px\">Hand (control)<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 42px\">56.6<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 42px\">67.4<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 42px\">69.1 b<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 42px\">69.3 b<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 42px\">69.9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 21px\">\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\"><em>p<\/em>-value<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\">0.08<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\">0.27<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\">0.02<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\">0.02<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\">0.08<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 21px\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%;text-align: center;height: 21px\" colspan=\"6\">&#8216;Draper&#8217;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 21px\">\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\">HCS<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\">33.0<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\">26.0<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\">31.8 a<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\">40.6 a<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\">50.8 a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 42px\">\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 42px\">SCS w\/o insertion<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 42px\">33.0<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 42px\">27.9<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 42px\">33.2 a<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 42px\">42.8 a<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 42px\">54.9 a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 42px\">\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 42px\">SCS w insertion<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 42px\">31.8<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 42px\">27.5<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 42px\">33.3 a<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 42px\">30.5 b<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 42px\">50.4 a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 42px\">\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 42px\">Hand (control)<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 42px\">27.3<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 42px\">21.2<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 42px\">22.8 b<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 42px\">23.9 b<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 42px\">36.8 b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 21px\">\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\"><em>p<\/em>-value<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\">0.15<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\">0.14<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\">0.0007<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\">0.0004<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\">0.006<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><em><sup>Z<\/sup>Means followed by same lower case letter within a column are not statistically different at \u03b1=0.05.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>A p-value of less than 0.05 indicates statistical significance.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Water loss.<\/strong> Water loss was the same in \u2018Duke\u2019 across all treatments during the storage period, but was highest in \u2018Draper\u2019 on day 28 when harvested using SCS without the insertion (<strong>Table 5<\/strong>). The high water loss among \u2018Draper\u2019 fruit harvested using the SCS may be potentially due to edge effects as these plots were on the furthest side of the field with higher light exposure, leading to increase softness that could exacerbate water loss in storage.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table style=\"height: 357px;width: 100%;border-collapse: collapse\">\n<caption><strong>Table 5.<\/strong>Percent water loss of \u2018Duke\u2019 and \u2018Draper\u2019 blueberry harvested by hand as well as over-the-row (OTR) harvesters with either HCS or SCS. Water loss was measured weekly during a 28-day storage period. HCS represents \u201chard-catch surfaces\u201d found in standard OTR harvesters, while SCS represents \u201csoft-catch surfaces\u201d installed in an OTR prototype engineered for fresh market harvesting. \u201cInsertion\u201d means soft-cushion sheets were inserted between the bucket elevator and horizontal grading belt for impact reduction. Data are from 2019.<\/p>\n<p>.<\/caption>\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 21px\">\n<td style=\"width: 83.3335%;text-align: center;height: 21px\" colspan=\"5\">Percent bruising area (%)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 21px\">\n<th style=\"width: 16.6667%;height: 21px;text-align: center\" scope=\"col\">Treatment<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 16.6667%;height: 21px;text-align: center\" scope=\"col\">Day 7<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 16.6667%;height: 21px;text-align: center\" scope=\"col\">Day 14<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 16.6667%;height: 21px;text-align: center\" scope=\"col\">Day 21<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 16.6667%;height: 21px;text-align: center\" scope=\"col\">Day 28<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 21px\">\n<td style=\"width: 83.3335%;text-align: center;height: 21px\" colspan=\"5\">&#8216;Duke&#8217;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 21px\">\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\">HCS<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\">2.4<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\">5.0<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\">6.0<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\">8.3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 21px\">\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\">SCS<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\">1.9<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\">4.1<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\">5.7<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\">7.7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 42px\">\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 42px\">Hand (control)<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 42px\">2.2<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 42px\">4.5<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 42px\">5.7<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 42px\">7.2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 21px\">\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\"><em>p<\/em>-value<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\">0.27<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\">0.10<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\">0.93<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\">0.58<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 21px\">\n<td style=\"width: 83.3335%;text-align: center;height: 21px\" colspan=\"5\">&#8216;Draper&#8217;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 21px\">\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\">HCS<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\">1.6<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\">2.9<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\">4.5<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\">6.1 a<sup>z<\/sup><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 42px\">\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 42px\">SCS w\/o insertion<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 42px\">1.9<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 42px\">4.7<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 42px\">6.4<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 42px\">8.2 b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 42px\">\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 42px\">SCS w insertion<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 42px\">1.7<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 42px\">3.2<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 42px\">5.0<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 42px\">6.5 ab<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 42px\">\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 42px\">Hand (control)<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 42px\">1.7<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 42px\">3.3<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 42px\">4.7<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 42px\">6.0 a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 21px\">\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\"><em>p<\/em>-value<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\">0.20<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\">0.08<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\">0.07<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.6667%;text-align: center;height: 21px\">0.05<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><em><sup>Z<\/sup>Means followed by same lower case letter within a column are not statistically different at \u03b1=0.05.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>A p-value of less than 0.05 indicates statistical significance.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><strong>Take-aways from 2019 and next steps<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>No harvest efficiency losses were observed between HCS and SCS when installed in OTR harvesters.<\/li>\n<li>Hand harvested berries have higher firmness and less bruising than machine harvested berries during a 28-day storage period. However, SCS moderately improved firmness in \u2018Duke\u2019 relative to HCS during storage.<\/li>\n<li>The soft cushion insertion between the bucket elevator and horizontal grading belt improved firmness and reduced bruising in \u2018Draper\u2019 during storage, but installation will need to be optimized for improved harvesting in the field as fruit sometimes got stuck with the insertion.<\/li>\n<li>The lack of more significant differences between harvester types is likely due to fruit getting over-mature relative to most fresh market operations that begin harvesting at 50-60% blue. Our fields were harvested at &gt;85% blue, which is standard for machine harvesting for <em>processed markets<\/em>. Harvest timing for <em>fresh market <\/em>operations should be earlier to increase firmness and postharvest longevity while reducing the incidence of bruising. Earlier picking times with OTR prototypes with SCS will need to focus on selectivity so ripe berries are harvested and immature (green) fruit is left behind for continued development.<\/li>\n<li>Overall, SCS can improve firmness and reduce bruising without sacrificing harvest efficiency compared to conventional OTR harvesters with HCS. The additional of soft materials at the transfer belt has potential to further improve postharvest fruit quality.<\/li>\n<li>The experiment will be repeated in summer 2020.<\/li>\n<li>We are also studying machine harvest intervals using modified OTR harvesters and impacts on fruit quality.<\/li>\n<li>Remember, machine harvesting high quality fruit for fresh market doesn\u2019t rely solely on machine engineering, but several other interconnected factors <strong>(Figure 6)<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure id=\"attachment_3803\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3803\" style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2020\/04\/Figure-6.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-3803 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2020\/04\/Figure-6-1024x663.png\" alt=\"High quality fruit\" width=\"1024\" height=\"663\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2020\/04\/Figure-6-1024x663.png 1024w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2020\/04\/Figure-6-300x194.png 300w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2020\/04\/Figure-6-768x497.png 768w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2020\/04\/Figure-6.png 1087w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3803\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 6. Schematic of essential factors to achieve high quality fruit.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><strong>Acknowledgements:<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Thank you to Sean Watkinson, Huan Zhang, Amit Bhasin, Qianwen Lu and Brenda Janeth Madrid Martinez for field support. Great thanks to Scott Korthuis, Kathryn Vanweerdhuizen and Clayton Polinder from Oxbo for providing harvester and technical support. We also appreciate cooperating farms and packing plants for helping in harvest and packing. At last, we would like to acknowledge our funding sources as following:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2020\/04\/WBC.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignleft size-thumbnail wp-image-3804\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2020\/04\/WBC-150x150.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" \/><\/a>\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2020\/04\/WSDA.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignleft size-thumbnail wp-image-3805\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2020\/04\/WSDA-150x150.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2020\/04\/WSDA-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2020\/04\/WSDA.png 200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>[\/textblock][textblock][\/column][\/row][row][column][textblock][\/column][\/row]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Volume 9 Issue 4 Author: Y. Cai1, F. Takeda2, B. Foote3, C. Zhang4, S. Sankaran4, and L.W. DeVetter1 1Washington State University, Northwestern Washington Research &amp;amp; Extension Center, Mount Vernon, WA 2USDA-ARS, Kearneysville, WV 3Oxbo, Lynden,&amp;hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":53,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_external_link":"","_expiration_date":""},"categories":[9,14],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/extension.wsu.edu\/wam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3779"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/extension.wsu.edu\/wam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/extension.wsu.edu\/wam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/extension.wsu.edu\/wam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/53"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/extension.wsu.edu\/wam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3779"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/extension.wsu.edu\/wam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3779\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/extension.wsu.edu\/wam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3779"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/extension.wsu.edu\/wam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3779"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/extension.wsu.edu\/wam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3779"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}