The 4-H Geology Project gives youth an up-close look at earth’s geological formations, from the layers under their feet to the mountains over their heads. From plate tectonics to seismic waves, youth will gain an understanding of the inner workings of the planet while creating a rock collection for their enjoyment, display, and to educate others.
Objectives
Youth will:
- Learn to identify different kinds of rocks and their formations
- Understand the rock cycle and the different layers of earth’s geology where they are found
- Collect rocks and identify their types, including fossils and minerals
- Identify the focus of their rock collecting hobby and present their collection to others
4-H Geology Curriculum
Available through the Extension office or online.
4-H Geology: Introduction to the Study of the Earth
Geology is the science that studies the earth. It includes the study of materials that make up the earth, the processes that change it, and the history of how it evolved — including life on earth. The study of geology is filled with the mystery and adventure of what happened to former lands and seas, and to plants and animals that lived on or in them millions of years ago. In this project youth will look at the story of the earth to gain a better understanding of the earth and the sources of the minerals youth use each day.
The Geology project is divided into four levels, which are ALL contained in this manual: Pebble Pups 1, Pebble Pups 2, Rockhound 1, and Rockhound 2.
4-H Geology Level 1 (Grades 3-5) helps youth learn about rocks, fossils, and minerals. Topics include the kinds of rocks, the rock cycle, and rock collections and identification. Students will keep records of their rock collecting, develop an understanding of earth science, and present results of their work to others. This manual was created with help from the Indiana Geological Survey, Indiana University. Each manual comes with a removable, full-color bookmark that shows 15 common rocks often found by first-time collectors.
Geology Level 2 (Grades 6-8) helps youth learn about rocks, fossils, and minerals. Topics include the properties of rocks and minerals, geologic time, fossils, glaciers, and Indiana geology. Students will keep records of their rock collecting, develop an understanding of earth science, and present results of their work to others. This manual was created with help from the Indiana Geological Survey, Indiana University.
4-H Geology 3 builds on experiences youth had in Geology 1 and 2. Youth will continue to go on field trips and to collect and study specimens of rocks, fossils, and minerals. They will begin to specialize in one area as they continue collecting. They also teach others through action demonstrations.
4-H Geology Helper’s Guide Digital Download
Studying and learning about geology is fun for everyone. Since geologic features exist everywhere, you can study geology wherever you live. The 4-H Geology curriculum was written for youth who enjoy studying rocks, fossils, and minerals, especially for those who want to learn more. The first manual, Level 1, introduced you to rocks, fossils, and minerals. Level 2 continues this study in more detail. Level 3 introduces more advanced topics. The 4-H Geology project offers many educational experiences, from collecting and identifying rocks to learning how the earth was formed. Caring adults can be a big help if they are involved with children’s learning, especially for younger 4-H members. This Helper’s Guide provides guidance and more information about successful facilitation of the 4-H Geology Curriculum Series.
Washington 4-H Records, Forms, and Guides
For youth members
Coming soon!
For adult helpers and club leaders
Coming soon!
Helpful Resources
Activity Ideas
Oregon 4-H Earth Science Project: Soil! A Stop on the Rock Cycle (eLearning Module)
Washington Specific Reference Material
Washington Geological Survey – Washington State Department of Natural Resources
Washington Geologic Information Portal
Mapping site with different layers to explore a wide variety of geological features.
Washington State Geology News Blog
Along its craggy Pacific coastline, across its alpine crest, and into its eastern scablands, Washington State offers unparalleled scenic landscapes.
the Washington Geological Survey presents 100 of the quintessential places to experience Washington’s geology up close, leaving few stones unturned.
Other Reference Material
From 4-H Programs
Geology Exploration Guide – University of Minnesota Extension
This independent learning guide is designed for youth in grades 3 and up to introduce basic ideas of geology with activities to get them excited to learn more.
From Higher Education Institutions
Rock and Mineral Identification – Fleming College (YouTube video)
A study guide made for the students of Fleming College in Lindsay Ontario Canada and anybody else who might find it useful.
From Related Organizations, Journals, and Professionals
Science World: Fossils – Scholastic (PDF)
Rocks: Igneous, Metamorphic and Sedimentary – Geology.com
United States Geological Service
Astrogeology Science Center – US Geological Service
Our mission is to serve the Nation, the international planetary science community, and the public in pursuit of new knowledge of our solar system. The USGS Astrogeology Science Center is a national resource for the integration of planetary geoscience, cartography, and remote sensing.
Youth Programs – American Federation of Mineralogical Societies
So is it juniors, youth, kids, pebble pups, teens, young adults, junior geologists, mini miners, or future rockhounds? The answer is YES! Every rock club and mineral society have their own name for earth scientists, geologists, paleontologists, and lapidary artists under the age of 18. What we call our younger members isn’t important. What is important is that we HAVE younger members. They are our future hobbyists, professionals, and scientists.
There are a wide variety of youth and juniors programs used by clubs throughout the federation. In working with kids in your club, you can use your own activities, a set of activities like the great packets developed by Diamond Dan, or simply have your kids participate in the regular workshops, shows, and field trips. Some clubs partner with professional societies or other youth organizations like 4-H or Scouts. ALL of these fit into the Future Rockhounds of America!
- Resources from the Seismological Facility for the Advancement of Geoscience
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Pacific Northwest: Three types of tectonic earthquakes
Epicenter and Focus (hypocenter) of an Earthquake
Seismic Wave Motions—4 waves animated
Seismic Shadow Zones: S wave shadow zone
Plate Tectonics—What Are the Forces that Drive Plate Tectonics?
Asthenosphere: Using Silly Putty as an Analogy
Plate Boundary: Divergent (Fast-spreading Ridge)
Faulting & Folding (Foam Faults Demo)
Asperities on Strike-slip Fault: Spaghetti in Vise as an Analogy
Plate Boundary: Convergent margin
Elastic Rebound—Earthquake Machine & Rocks-can-bend Demo
- Kits, Projects, and Activities from National 4-H